District Profile (LUDHIANA)

Ludhiana city was founded in the time of Lodhi dynasty which ruled in Delhi from 1451-1526 A.D. The legend goes that two Lodhi chiefs, Yusaf Khan and Nihand Khan were deputed by Sikandar Lodhi (1489-1517 A.D.) to restore order in this region. They camped at the site of present city of Ludhiana which was then a village called Mir Hota. Yusaf Khan went across the river Sutlej in Jalandhar Doab to check Khokhars who were plundering the Doab and made a settlement at Sultanpur while Nihand Khan stayed back and founded the present city at the site of village Mir Hota. The new town was originally known as Lodhi-ana, which means the town of Lodi's. The name later changed to the present name Ludhiana.

Ludhiana is the most advanced agricultural district and plays an important role in directing the shape of Punjab agriculture. It was among the foremost districts of the country where IADP was launched. The total geopraphical area of the district is 3767 sq km. The District has 3 lakh ha of net area sown, almost 100% is double cropped, and some area is even put to 3 crops a year. All is irrigated, mostly by tubewells. The water table is going down at an alarming rate in Ludhiana district and even more seriously around the Ludhiana city blocks. There are 72000 operational holdings of whom, 1/3rd are the small and marginal ones of less than 2 ha. It has the distinction of having the agricultural universities of the state (PAU and GADVASU). It is the central district of the state and farmers from all over the state follow Ludhiana so far as adoption of new technology in agiculture is concerned. Ludhiana district achieved the national productivity award for the year 2004-05 . But for the last seven years the yield of major crops has not shown any significant growth, in fact it has decreased over the last few years.

General census

Table: Block wise Demographic Information of the District

S. No.	Name of Block	Population (2001 Census)	Literacy (%)	Male (No.)	Female (No.)	Workers (No.)		Caste (No)
						Agri.	Non. Agri	SC	Gen.
1	Ludhiana I	147645	77.6	79623	68022	12713	42776	51964	95681
2.	Ludhiana II	171376	68.86	91667	79709	21524	39649	69753	101623
3.	Machiwara	88899	71.54	46905	41994	15085	24594	23998	64901
4.	Samrala	80988	73.99	43167	37821	10733	23341	30640	50348
5.	Khanna	107871	71.68	57423	50448	14610	32070	45888	61983
6.	Doraha	93559	73.41	49868	43691	13100	26043	32931	60628
7.	Dehlon	123299	73.54	65631	57668	17317	35905	48006	75293
8.	Pakhowal	106360	76.47	56823	49537	14095	31043	37643	68717
9.	Sudhar	167442	74.19	99586	78856	23268	42684	59854	107588
10.	Jagraon	137414	69.59	72761	64653	24555	28754	50510	86904
11.	Sidhwan Bet	118313	69.49	62198	56115	23183	22056	41110	77203
	Total	1343166	72.76	714652	628514	190183	348915	492297	850869

Table : Block wise Information of Area and Number of Village

S. No.	Name of the Block	Geographical Area (ha)	Cultivated Area (ha)	Number of Villages
1.	Ludhiana I	34146	17735	59
2.	Ludhiana II	53556	39397	178
3.	Machiwara	32182	27485	136
4.	Samrala	19029	15673	63
5.	Khanna	27673	22173	88
6.	Doraha	24012	21256	57
7.	Dehlon	28095	23415	75
8.	Pakhowal	29384	24710	51
9.	Sudhar	36529	31502	68
10.	Jagraon	40995	34342	48
11.	Sidhwan Bet	42711	35875	92
	Total	368312	293563	915

Table: Representative Villages and Blocks under Various Agro-Ecological Situations

Name of the Region	Agro-Ecological Situation	Name of Blocks	Representative Villages	Remarks
River Bed (Bet) Area	AES-1	Sidhwan Bet Ludhiana II Machhiwara	Jandi, Walipur Kalan, Gorsian Hakam Rai, Kutbewal, Nurpur Bet, Bhattian	Flood prone Area, Alluvial soils, Good underground water high watertable
Mand Area	AES-II	Jagraon (N) Ludhiana, Samrala	Jhande, Kaind , Sekhupura, Seh,Dhillwan	Light to medium soils Good underground water
Canal command	AES-III	Dehlon Doraha Sudhar	Dhode, Lehra, Sudhar, Ghaloti, Landa Ghumana	Canal irrigated, Well drained soils
Reclaimed Sand dunes	AES-IV	Jagraon (S) Pakhowal Khanna Sudhar(P)	Mipur Hans, Rachhin, Kaille, Rajgarh, Karodian, Malakpur	Light to medium soils, good quality underground water

AES: Agro-Ecological Situation

A brief information about each Agro- Ecological Situation is given as under:-
AES-1
It Comprises of the blocks of Sidhwan Bet, Ludhiana II, Machhiwara, These have a geographical area of 128449 hectare (34.9%), out of which 102757 hectare is under cultivation. It is a flood prone area with medium to heavy normal soil and good quality underground water. This AES is river bed area of Sutlej River.
AES-1I
It is district which is comprised of blocks Jagraon (N), Ludhiana 1, Samrala. It has light to medium quality soil and good quality underground water. Main feature of this AES is that the soils were formed by the alluvium deposited by the river Sutlej from the total geographical area of 73175 hectare (19.8%), 50408 hectare area is under cultivation.
AES-III
This AES consists of blocks Dehlon, Doraha, Sudhar. These have a geographical area of 88636 hectare (24.1%) under them, out of which 76173 hectare area is under cultivation. The soil of this AES is medium to heavy. Underground water in this AES is of good quality.
AES-1V
This AES consists of blocks Jagaon (S), Pakhowal, Khanna, Sudhar. Some of this area was under sand dunes. Those have been reclaimed. Patches of sodic soils existed in the past but those have been reclaimed now. These hava a geographical area of 78052 hectare (21.2%) under them, out of which 71825 hectare area is under cultivation.

Table: Tehsil- wise Land use Classification (000�ha)

S.No.	Tehsil	Geographical Area	Cultivated Area(Net)	Urrent Fellow	Forest	Pesture	Under Non-Agri.Use	Barren & Uncultivable (Waste Land)
1	Ludhiana I	64.3	46.0	-	2.4	-	15.0	-
2	Ludhiana II	61.2	46.7	-	2.0	-	12.5	-
3	Jagraon	81.0	71.3	-	1.7	-	8.0	-
4	Raikot	44.8	38.9	-	0.1	-	6.0	-
5	Payal	42.5	38.3	-	0.6	-	3.6	-
6	Samrala	50.0	42.4	-	2.3	-	2.3	-
7	Khanna	24.2	18.5	-	0.9	-	0.9	-
	Total	368	302.1	-	10	-	48.3	-

Table: Block wise soil Type and Deficient Micro-Nutrient

S. No.	Block	Alluvial	Alkaline	Deficient Micro-Nutrient
1.	Ludhiana I	M-H	Normal	Zn,Mn
2.	Ludhiana II	M-H	N-A	Zn,Mn
3.	Machiwara	M-H	Normal	Zn,Mn,Fe
4.	Samrala	M-H	Normal	Zn
5.	Khanna	M-H	Normal	Zn
6.	Doraha	M-H	N-A	Zn,Fe
7.	Dehlon	M-H	Normal	Zn, Fe,Mn,
8.	Pakhowal	M-H	Normal	Zn,Fe
9.	Sudhar	L-M	Normal	S, Zn, Mn
10.	Jagraon	L-M	Normal	S, Zn, Mn
11.	Sidhwan Bet	M-H	Normal	Zn,Fe

L=light

M= Medium

H= Heavy

N-A= None Alkaline

Area, Production and Productivity of major crops cultivated in the district

S. No.	Crop	Area (ha)	Production (tonnes)	Productivity (qtl/ha)
1.	Rice	2.57 lac	1094	42.57
2.	Wheat	2.57 lac	1292	50.26
3.	Maize	2000	6000	29.95
4.	Arhar	800	600	7.62
5.	Moong	700	400	6.12
6.	Cotton	1000	3000	5.37
8.	Oilseeds	1200	2000	14.20
9.	Sugarcane	1500	9000	60.00
10.	Sunflower	1000	1700	16.75


KVK LUDHIANA (SAMRALA) ORGANIZED SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEETING ON 05-02-2024

KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA, LUDHIANA (SAMRALA) ORGANIZED FIVE DAYS TRAINING PROGRAMME ON BAKERY AND CONFECTIONERY
KVK LUDHIANA (SAMRALA) ORGANIZED AWARENESS CAMP AT GOVERNMENT SENIOR SECONDARY SMART SCHOOL, SAMRALA UNDER CROP RESIDUE MANAGEMENT CAMPAIGN ON 18-10-2023
KVK, LUDHIANA (SAMRALA) SENSITIZED STUDENTS OF GOVERNMENT SENIOR SECONDARY ON 13.10.2023